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Camp Sejweng Game Farm, Sejweng lands, Khudumelapye (2026)

07/01/2026

Species Highlight:Warthog

Warthogs (Phacochoerus)Kolobe ya naga, are one of the most resilient and distinctive animals of the African savanna. While they are members of the pig family, they have several unique evolutionary adaptations that set them apart from your average farm hog.

Key Characteristics
The "Warts": Those bumps on their faces aren't actually warts—they are thick pads of skin and fat. They serve as "shock absorbers" for males (boars) when they headbutt each other during fights for dominance.

Tusks: They have two sets. The upper tusks can grow up to 10 inches long and curve in a semicircle. The lower tusks are shorter but razor-sharp; these are their primary weapons against predators like lions and leopards.

The "Flag" Tail: When a warthog is startled and runs, it holds its tail straight up in the air. This acts as a visual marker for their young (piglets) to follow through tall grass.

Diet and Foraging

Warthogs are primarily herbivores, though they are technically omnivorous as they will occasionally eat insects or carrion
The Kneeling Grazer: Because they have short necks and long legs, warthogs often "kneel" on their front wrists to eat short grass. They have developed thick, calloused pads on their wrists specifically for this purpose.

Seasonal Eating: During the wet season, they graze on grass. In the dry season, they use their powerful snouts and tusks to dig up bulbs, tubers, and roots.

Home Life and Behavior

The Aardvark Connection: Warthogs rarely dig their own homes. Instead, they move into abandoned aardvark burrows.

Backing In: When entering a burrow, they almost always back in tail-first. This leaves their tusks facing the entrance to defend against any intruders.

Social Structure: Females and their young live in groups called sounders. Adult males are usually solitary, only joining the sounders to mate.

Speed: Despite their stocky appearance, they are surprisingly fast and can reach speeds of up to 30 mph (48 km/h).

Habitat

They are found across sub-Saharan Africa in open grasslands, savannas, and woodlands. They are highly adaptable but generally avoid thick rainforests and true deserts because they need access to water for drinking and wallowing in mud.

07/01/2026

Species Highlight:Duikers

Duikers (Phuthi) are fascinating, small-to-medium-sized antelopes found across Sub-Saharan Africa. Their name comes from the Afrikaans word for "diver," which describes their habit of diving into thick brush for cover when they feel threatened.
Here is a quick guide to what makes these animals unique:
Distinctive Appearance
Size: They range from the tiny Blue Duiker (about the size of a rabbit) to the Yellow-backed Duiker, which can weigh up to 80 kg (175 lbs).
Shape: They have a characteristic arched body with hind legs longer than their front legs, which is perfect for sprinting through dense vegetation.
Horns: Most species have short, spike-like horns, though in many species, these are present in both males and females.

Habitat and Behavior
Forest Dwellers: Most species live in rainforests or thick bushveld, though the Common Duiker (Grey Duiker) is more adaptable and can be found in open woodlands or even suburban gardens.
Solitary Nature: Unlike wildebeests or impalas that roam in large herds, duikers are mostly solitary or live in monogamous pairs.
Nocturnal vs. Diurnal: Many species are shy and active at night, making them quite difficult for researchers and tourists to spot.

An Unusual Diet
While they are primarily herbivores (eating leaves, fruits, and seeds), duikers are famous for being opportunistic omnivores. They have been observed eating:
Insects and grubs.
Small birds and rodents.
Carrion (meat from carcasses).

07/01/2026

Steenbok (Raphicerus campestris) Phuduhudu in setswana is a common small antelope of southern and eastern Africa.

It is sometimes known as the steinbuck or steinbok.

Steenbok resemble small Oribi, standing 45–60 cm (16"-24") at the shoulder. Their pelage (coat) is any shade from fawn to rufous, typically rather orange. The underside, including chin and throat, is white, as is the ring around the eye. Ears are large with "finger-marks" on the inside. Males have straight, smooth, parallel horns 7–19 cm long (see image left). There is a black crescent-shape between the ears, a long black bridge to the glossy black nose, and a black circular scent-gland in front of the eye. The tail is not usually visible, being only 4–6 cm long.

There are two distinct clusters in steenbok distribution. In East Africa, it occurs in central and southern Kenya and Tanzania. It was formerly widespread in Uganda, but is now possibly extinct there. In southern Africa, it occurs in Angola, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Botswana, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and probably Lesotho.

Steenbok live in a variety of habitats from semi-desert, such as the edge of the Kalahari Desert and Etosha National Park, to open woodland and thickets, including open plains, stony savannah, and Acacia–grassland mosaics. They are said to favour unstable or transitional habitats. At least in the central part of Kruger National Park, South Africa, Steenbok show a distinct preference for Acacia tortilis savannah throughout the year, with no tendency to migrate to moister areas during the dry season (unlike many larger African savannah ungulates, including species sympatric with Steenbok in the wet season).

Steenbok typically browse on low-level vegetation (they cannot reach above 0.9 m), but are also adept at scraping up roots and tubers. In central Kruger National Park, Steenbok show a distinct preference for forbs, and then woody plants (especially Flueggea virosa) when few forbs are available. They will also take fruits and only very rarely graze on grass. They are almost entirely independent of drinking water, gaining the moisture they need from their food.

During cool periods, steenbok are active throughout the day; however, during hotter periods, they rest under shade during the heat of the day. While resting, they may be busy grooming, ruminating or taking brief spells of sleep.

At the first sign of trouble, steenbok typically lie low in the vegetation. If a predator or perceived threat comes closer, a steenbok will leap away and follow a zigzag route to try to shake off the pursuer. Escaping steenbok frequently stop to look back, and flight is alternated with prostration during extended pursuit. They are known to take refuge in the burrows of aardvarks. Known predators include African wild cats, caracals, jackals, leopards, martial eagles, and pythons.

Steenbok are typically solitary, except for when a pair come together to mate. However, it has been suggested that pairs occupy consistent territories while living independently, staying in contact through scent markings, so that they know where their mate is most of the time. Scent marking is primarily through dung middens. Territories range from 4 hectares to one square kilometre. The male is aggressive during the female's oestrus, engaging in "bluff-and-bluster" type displays with rival males—prolonged contests invariably involve well-matched individuals, usually in their prime.

Breeding occurs throughout the year, although more fawns are born November to December in the southern spring–summer; some females may breed twice a year. Gestation period is about 170 days, and usually a single precocious fawn is produced. The fawn is kept hidden in vegetation for 2 weeks, but they suckle for 3 months. Females become sexually mature at 6–8 months and males at 9 months.

Steenbok are known to live for 7 years or more.

07/01/2026

Species Highlight:Zebra

Zebras (subgenus Hippotigris) Pitse ya naga as commonly known in setswana,are African equines with distinctive black-and-white striped coats. There are three living species: Grévy's zebra (Equus grevyi), the plains zebra (E. quagga), and the mountain zebra (E. zebra). Zebras share the genus Equus with horses and asses, the three groups being the only living members of the family Equidae. Zebra stripes come in different patterns, unique to each individual. Several theories have been proposed for the function of these patterns, with most evidence supporting them as a deterrent for biting flies. Zebras inhabit eastern and southern Africa and can be found in a variety of habitats such as savannahs, grasslands, woodlands, shrublands, and mountainous areas.
Zebras are primarily grazers and can subsist on lower-quality vegetation. They are preyed on mainly by lions, and typically flee when threatened but also bite and kick. Zebra species differ in social behaviour, with plains and mountain zebra living in stable harems consisting of an adult male or stallion, several adult females or mares, and their young or foals; while Grévy's zebra live alone or in loosely associated herds. In harem-holding species, adult females mate only with their harem stallion, while male Grévy's zebras establish territories which attract females and the species is polygynandrous. Zebras communicate with various vocalisations, body postures and facial expressions. Social grooming strengthens social bonds in plains and mountain zebras.

Zebras' dazzling stripes make them among the most recognisable mammals. They have been featured in art and stories in Africa and beyond. Historically, they have been highly sought by exotic animal collectors, but unlike horses and donkeys, zebras have never been completely domesticated. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) lists Grévy's zebra as endangered, the mountain zebra as vulnerable and the plains zebra as near-threatened. The quagga (E. quagga quagga), a type of plains zebra, was driven to extinction in the 19th century. Nevertheless, zebras can be found in numerous protected areas.

07/01/2026

Species Highlight:The Ostrich

The ostrich( Struthio camelus.) Ntšhe/Mpshe in setswana is a creature of extremes—it is the world’s largest, heaviest, and fastest bird on land. Native to the savannas and deserts of Africa, these flightless giants have evolved unique traits that make them perfectly suited for life on the ground.

Physical Marvels

Massive Size: A male ostrich can stand up to 9 feet (2.7 meters) tall and weigh more than 330 pounds (150 kg).

Giant Eyes: Their eyes are roughly 2 inches (5 cm) wide—the largest of any land animal. Interestingly, an ostrich's eye is actually bigger than its brain.

Two-Toed Feet: Unlike most birds that have three or four toes, ostriches have only two. The larger toe resembles a hoof, which helps with stability and speed while running.

Powerful Kick: If cornered, an ostrich can deliver a forward kick with enough force to kill a lion.

Speed and Endurance

While they cannot fly, ostriches are the world's fastest bipedal (two-legged) runners.

Sprinting: They can reach top speeds of 43–45 mph (70 km/h).

Endurance: They can maintain a steady pace of 30 mph (50 km/h) for several miles, outlasting many predators.

Stride Length: A single stride can cover 10 to 16 feet (3 to 5 meters).

Myth vs. Reality: The "Head in the Sand"
One of the most famous myths is that ostriches bury their heads in the sand when scared.

The Truth: They don't actually bury their heads. When they sense danger and cannot run away, they lie low and press their long necks against the ground to blend in with the terrain. From a distance, it looks like their head has disappeared underground.

Social and Nesting Habits

Ostriches are social birds that live in groups called herds or flocks, usually led by a dominant male and a dominant female.

Communal Nests: Multiple females lay their eggs in a single "communal" nest. The dominant female’s eggs stay in the center for the best protection.

Giant Eggs: Ostrich eggs are the largest in the world, weighing about 3 pounds (1.4 kg)—roughly equivalent to 24 chicken eggs.

Parental Tag-Teaming: The female (with her brownish feathers) typically incubates the eggs during the day to blend with the sand, while the male (with his black feathers) takes the night shift to remain hidden in the dark.

07/01/2026

Species Highlight:Roan Antelope

The roan antelope (Hippotragus equinus)known as Kwalata e tshetlha in setswana is a large, savanna-dwelling antelope found in Western, Southern, and parts of Central and Eastern Africa.,named for its roan colour (a slightly reddish, sandy-brown), it has a lighter-toned underbelly and a (mostly) white face and snout, but with a black "mask" around the eyes and on the bridge of the snout, being somewhat lighter in females. Additionally, a pair of formidable, recurved horns (made of keratin-covered bone) are present on the heads of both males and females, albeit larger on the males, growing up to 100 cm (39 in) long. Males and females have short, erect, mohawk-like manes running down their back and very light, shaggy neckbeards, both of which are more pronounced in males. Both mane and neckbeard are tinted with darker tips, which run the length of the animal's back and belly, ending in a dark-coloured tail. The ears are long, erect, and donkey-like.

They live in small groups and form harem groups of 5 to 15 animals with one dominant male. Males commonly fight among themselves for dominance of their herd, brandishing their horns while both animals are on their knees.

Roan antelopes are known to hybridise with sable antelopes in overlaps of the two distributions

07/01/2026

Species Highlight:The sable antelope

The Sable antelope (Hippotragus niger) also known in setswana as kwalata is a large and handsome antelope characterised by glossy black coats with white under parts and white facial markings which inhabits wooded savanna in East and Southern Africa, from the south of Kenya to South Africa, with a separated population in Angola.Cows and young are dark brown in colour. Both sexes have stiff black manes along the dorsal aspects of their necks. The shoulder height of bulls is 1.4 m, which weigh up to 270 Kg.

Cows are slightly smaller. Both sexes have long horns, which are ridged, and which curve backwards. Tips of horns are smooth and sharp pointed. The scimitar-shaped horns of mature bulls can be up to 1.2 m in length. Horns on females are shorter and slimmer. Ears are brick red at the back and shorter than that of the roan antelope. The horn of young become visible at the age of two months

Diet
Their diet consists predominantly of grass. They favour speargrass, red grass and various species of Brachiaria, Urochloa and Panicum. A variety of sedges are also taken around water points. This is a grazer of climax vegetation, which crops grass at a relatively high level off the ground. A fair amount of bones of carcasses left in the veld, are chewed to counter phosphorous deficiencies.

Breeding
Cows first become sexually receptive at the age of three years, and would drop their first calves at the age of three years. After a gestation period of 270 days they give birth to single calves weighing 17 Kg at birth.

Calves are hidden in tall grass for the first two weeks, during which time they are visited by their mothers for suckling and grooming. Calves show an interest in grass at an early stage, and are fully weaned at eight months.

Behaviour
Sable are most active during early mornings and late afternoons, and drink water at mid-day. This is a gregarious antelope, showing great variation in herd sizes. During the calving season small groups with pregnant cows separate from larger groups consisting of young and non-breeding animals.

During late winter large herds congregate on bunt areas or moist vleis. Territorial bulls will evict young bulls from breeding groups when they become sexually mature at the age of three years.

07/01/2026

Species Highlight:The Giraffe

The Giraffe (Thutlwa in setswana)is a large African hoofed mammal belonging to the genus Giraffa. It is the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant on Earth. It is classified under the family Giraffidae, along with its closest extant relative, the okapi. Traditionally, giraffes have been thought of as one species, Giraffa camelopardalis, with nine subspecies. Most recently, researchers proposed dividing them into four extant species, with seven subspecies, which can be distinguished morphologically by their fur coat patterns. Six valid extinct species of Giraffa are known from the fossil record.

The giraffe's distinguishing characteristics are its extremely long neck and legs, horn-like ossicones, and spotted coat patterns. Its scattered range extends from Chad in the north to South Africa in the south and from Niger in the west to Somalia in the east. Giraffes usually inhabit savannahs and woodlands.

Their food source is leaves, fruits, and flowers of woody plants, primarily acacia species, which they browse at heights most other ground-based herbivores cannot reach.

Lions, leopards, spotted hyenas, and African wild dogs may prey upon giraffes.

Giraffes live in herds of related females and their offspring or bachelor herds of unrelated adult males but are gregarious and may gather in large groups. Males establish social hierarchies through "necking", combat bouts where the neck is used as a weapon. Dominant males gain mating access to females, which bear sole responsibility for rearing the young.

The giraffe has intrigued various ancient and modern cultures for its peculiar appearance and has often been featured in paintings, books, and cartoons. It is classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as vulnerable to extinction. It has been extirpated from many parts of its former range. Giraffes are still found in many national parks and game reserves, but estimates as of 2016 indicate there are approximately 97,500 members of Giraffa in the wild. More than 1,600 were kept in zoos in 2010

07/01/2026

Species Highlight:The Gemsbok

The gemsbok (Oryx gazella) known as kukama in Setswana,is a species of oryx, a large antelope inhabiting the desert regions of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. They are the largest oryx species, known for their sturdy build and striking gray-brown coloration with contrasting black and white markings on the face and legs, as well as a long black tail.

Gemsbok can stand up to 138 cm (54 inches) tall at the shoulder. Males weigh 230–250 kg (500–550 pounds), while females weigh around 200 kg (440 pounds). Both sexes possess long, straight, backward-pointing horns that can reach 120 cm (47 inches) in length, which they use as defensive weapons against predators like lions, African wild dogs, and hyenas, and also in fights with each other.

Gemsbok primarily graze on grasses, but they also dig for roots and tubers for water. They are well-adapted to hot, dry environments and can survive for extended periods without water. They live in herds of 10–40 animals and have a lifespan of up to 20 years. Females typically give birth to a single calf, starting at around 2.5 years of age.

07/01/2026

Species highlight:Springbok

The springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis) is a medium-sized antelope native to the open, arid plains of southern Africa, specifically Namibia, Botswana, Angola, and South Africa. It is the national animal of South Africa and serves as the emblem for the country's national rugby team.

In Setswana, the springbok is called Tshepe. It may also be spelled as Tshephe or Tshêpê depending on the regional dialect or orthography.
The name literally translates to "the ray of the sun" in some traditional contexts, referencing the antelope's beauty and the bright white ridge of hair on its back.

Key Characteristics & Behavior

Pronking: The springbok is famous for "pronking"—a series of high, stiff-legged leaps up to 3.5 to 4 meters (11–13 feet) in the air. This behavior, often triggered by excitement or the presence of predators, displays their strength and agility.

Distinctive Appearance: They feature a reddish-brown coat with a dark horizontal stripe on the flanks and a white underbelly. Both males and females have black, lyre-shaped horns.
Speed: One of the fastest land animals in Africa, they can reach speeds of up to 88 km/h (55 mph).

Diet: They are mixed feeders, grazing on grasses and browsing on shrubs and succulents. They are highly adapted to arid environments and can survive long periods without drinking water by obtaining moisture from their food.

Social Structure: Highly gregarious, they live in herds. Historically, they gathered in massive migratory groups of millions known as "trekbokken," though habitat loss has largely ended these mega-migrations.

Quick Facts for 2026
Conservation Status: Classified as Least Concern by the IUCN, with relatively stable populations primarily in game reserves and farms.

Height: Approximately 71–86 cm (28–34 inches) at the shoulder.

Weight: Typically ranges between 27 and 42 kg (60–93 lbs).

Main Predators: Cheetahs, leopards, lions, spotted hyenas, and wild dogs.

Camp Sejweng Game Farm

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