16/06/2020
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25. Development of bioboom by using Rhodococcus ruber S103 immobilized on polyurethane foam for oil spill treatment
Naphatsakorn Woratecha and Onruthai Pinyakong*
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
*e-mail: [email protected]
Abstract:Bioaugmentation with exogenous microorganisms has emerged as a promising environmental-friendly cleanup technology in more recent years. Bacterial immobilization using natural or synthetic materials as carriers has been proved to be a good method for enhancing bacterial survival and pollutant removal activity. Pollution due to oil spills in marine environment affects ecosystem, economy and human health. This study therefore aimed to develop a ready-to-use bacterium as bioboom for crude oil removal from the contaminated marine environment by using crude oil-degrading Rhodococcus ruber S103 immobilized on selected carrier. The free cells of S103 exhibited high efficiency to degrade 92.5% of Arabian light (AL) crude oil (2,000 mg L-1) in seawater supplemented with nutrients (NSW medium) within 3 days, but the number of cells was dramatically decreased. In contrast, the survival of S103 was increased in the immobilized system on polyurethane foam (PUF), which was selected as a suitable supporting material. The strain S103 had a high number of the immobilized viable cells when it was grown in 0.25xLB and low-cost media, NSW and filtrated seawater. Notably, scanning electron microscopy showed the normal cell morphology of
the immobilized S103, resulting in a maximum attachment cell density, when the immobilization was carried out in 0.25xLB medium. This immobilized cell exhibited great efficiencies of more than 90% removal of AL crude oil (2,000 mg L-1) from the contaminated seawater within 3 days. In addition,
a cost-effective strategy for the immobilization was successfully improved using the filtrated seawater without any nutrient supplementation and the obtained PUF immobilized S103 also exhibited high efficiencies of both removal and degradation of AL crude oil. Therefore, this finding demonstrates, not only a potential way to enhance the crude oil removal from the contaminated marine environment, but also the cost-effective production of bioboom which will be useful for future practical applications.
Keywords: biodegradation; crude oil removal; immobilization; polyurethane foam; natural rubber
Youtube URL (web link): https://youtu.be/h5HA-PrwRlQ