01/04/2022
BELIEFS OF THE BAGISU
The imbalu
The Bagisu are well known for their Imbalu circumcision ceremony. “Stand straight and look into my eyes. Don’t twitch a muscle. I see you are crying. You are crying for it. Crying to be cut to look like your father,” are words told to the candidates undergoing the imbalu ritual by the local surgeon.
This practice dates back to the tale that a certain Mugisu man was summoned by the council of elders because of stealing other men’s wives and then he was subjected to circumcision in Mutoto village as a punishment and preventive action for being adulterous. However, this yielded nothing as he became more powerful and admirable to women. The counterparts retaliated by circumcising themselves to compete favourably.
Incidents of the ritual
Whatever the origin, the Imbalu circumcision ceremony held during leap years is a personal rite of passage to manhood among the Bagisu. They believe that the desire to be circumcised is spiritually motivated.
Circumcision is seasonal and the candidates are first checked to ensure they are Bagisu basing on their clans.
The current king Umukuuka, Bob Saul Kipiro Mushikori told The East African, “In my regime, I don’t entertain hooliganism where non-Bagisu are forced into circumcision. A person has to willingly accept it but if not, we don’t circumcise such a person.”
Many tribes such as Iteso, Langi, Acholi and Lugbara live in Mbale and they settled there in mid-1980s at the time of political insurgency and cattle rustling. In 2014, there were cases where neighbouring Iteso, Japadhola, Bagwere, Banyole were forcefully circumcised in public view attracting rage of the elders of those tribes. Traditional surgeons led by Moses Kutoi, the chairman Imbalu in inzu ya Bamasaba in Mbale went circumcising every male, including the non-Bagisu in the area. Police was forced to fire tear gas, to save many men from being forcefully circumcised. Some Bagisu claimed the forced circumcision campaign was conducted becau