05/08/2021
The Spanish jail or gaol, known in Spanish as the calabozo ("dungeon") and corrupted in English to calaboose, was constructed during Pensacola's second Spanish period at the southwest corner of Alcaniz and Intendencia Streets. Despite conditions that were described as "deplorable" by federal surveyors who inventoried the Spanish properties after the 1821 transfer to the United States, it remained the primary detention facility for both Pensacola and Escambia County until 1875, when a new county jail was constructed on Jefferson Street at Main.
Andrew Jackson, offers an account of Callava's night in the Spanish jail: José María Callava was the final governor of Spanish West Florida, serving from February 1819 to the time of Spain's transfer of the territory to the United States on 17 July 1821. Jackson and Callava did not communicate well. The Spanish jail: with a narrow, low, small brick building in the midst thereof, similar in size and appearance to an old brick stable. This building was the calaboose. It had served, for some time, as a guard-house; giving shelter to twenty or thirty Spanish soldiers, whose occupation of it had not improved its appearance within or without. In short, the calaboose was as forlorn, dirty and uncomfortable an edifice as can be imagined. It contained two prisoners, Lieutenant Sousa and a young man from New Jersey, who had been arrested for shooting a snipe on the common, contrary to orders. Colonel Callava, his major domo, and all the Spanish officers in the town, escorted by Lieutenant Mountz and a file of American troops, arrive at the calaboose.
The Spanish jail was a two-story brick structure, about 18 feet by 36 feet, with two rooms on each floor. Prisoners were held on the first floor, while the jailer and his family stayed on the second. A small wooden building on the property served as a kitchen. Date of demolition is unknown.