28/12/2025
The Story of Lydenburg🦉
Lydenburg, now known as Mashishing, is a town in Mpumalanga with a history that stretches back many centuries.
The area was settled long before the town existed. Rock paintings in the surrounding region show that Khoi-San hunter-gatherers once lived here. Around AD 500, a group of people created what are now known as the Lydenburg Heads. These clay sculptures are among the earliest examples of African Iron Age art found south of the equator and point to early organised communities in the area.
From about the 16th century, the Bakoni people lived in the region. In the 1700s, the Bapedi people settled here and called the area Mashishing, meaning “long green grass”.
The town of Lydenburg was founded in 1849 by Voortrekkers led by Andries Potgieter. They moved from Ohrigstad after malaria made living conditions there difficult. In 1856, Lydenburg became the capital of the Lydenburg Republic. It later joined the Republic of Utrecht, and in 1860 both were absorbed into the Zuid Afrikaanse Republiek.
Lydenburg grew in importance because it lay on the wagon route to Delagoa Bay, which was outside British control. Work on the road to the port began in 1871, and wagons reached the town from the coast by 1874.
Gold was discovered near Lydenburg on 6 February 1873. The Lydenburg goldfields were declared soon afterwards, bringing new activity to the area. During the First Boer War, British troops occupied the town to control the goldfields, and the garrison was later besieged.
The railway reached Lydenburg by 1910, improving transport and trade. In 1927, the town became a municipality.
In 2006, the official name of the town was changed to Mashishing, reflecting the original name used by the Bapedi people. Today, Lydenburg is known for farming, mining, tourism, and fly-fishing, and its history reflects many layers of human settlement and development over time.