Iran persepolis

05/07/2019

28/09/2018

Underground city in Yazd city in Iran

28/09/2018

Eram Garden:
Both the building and the garden were built during the middle of thirteenth century by the Ilkhanate or a paramount chief of the Qashqai tribes of Pars. The original layout of the garden however, with its quadripartite Persian Paradise garden structure was most likely laid in eleventh century by the Seljuqs, and was then referred to as Bāgh-e Shāh ("The emperor's garden" in Persian) and was much less complicated or ornamental.[1] Cornelius de Bruyn, a traveller from the Netherlands, wrote a description of the gardens in the eighteenth century.

Over its 150 years the structure has been modified, restored or stylistically changed by various participants. It was one of the properties of noble Shiraz Qavami Family.The building faces south along the long axis. It was designed by a local architect, Haji Mohammad Hasan[2]. The structure housed 32 rooms on two stories, decorated by tiles with poems from the poet Hafez written on them. The structure underwent renovation during the Zand and Qajar dynasties.

In 1965, Sir Denis Wright, a British ambassador in Iran, was invited by the Chancellor of Shiraz University, Asadollah Alam, to a party in Eram Garden for Princess Alexandra of the Oglivy.[1] The compound came under the protection of Pahlavi University during the Pahlavi era, and was used as the College of Law. The building also housed the Asia Institute.

Today, Eram Garden and building are within Shiraz Botanical Garden (established 1983) of Shiraz University. They are open to the public as a historic landscape garden. They are World Heritage Site, and protected by Iran's Cultural Heritage Organization.

29/07/2018

The Monastery of Saint Thaddeus (Armenian: Սուրբ Թադէոսի վանք, Surb Tadeosi vank' ; Persian: کلیسای حضرت تادئوس‎, Kelisā-ye Ḥaẓrat-e Tādeus) is an ancient Armenian monastery in the mountainous area of West Azerbaijan Province, Iran.

Also known as Kara Kilise (the "Black Church") [1] (Azerbaijani: Qara Kilsə; Persian: قره‌ کلیسا‎, Qare Kelisā), it is located about 20 kilometers from the town of Chaldiran.[2][3] The monastery and its typical Armenian conical roofs are visible from long distances

23/03/2018

Archaeological evidence shows that the earliest remains of Persepolis date back to 515 BC. André Godard, the French archaeologist who excavated Persepolis in the early 1930s, believed that it was Cyrus the Great who chose the site of Persepolis, but that it was Darius I who built the terrace and the palaces.

Since, to judge from the inscriptions, the buildings of Persepolis commenced with Darius I, it was probably under this king, with whom the scepter passed to a new branch of the royal house, that Persepolis became the capital of Persia proper. As the residence of the rulers of the empire, however, a remote place in a difficult alpine region was far from convenient. The country's true capitals were Susa, Babylon and Ecbatana. This accounts for the fact that the Greeks were not acquainted with the city until Alexander the Great took and plundered it.

Aerial architectural plan of Persepolis.
Darius I's constructions at Persepolis was carried out parallel to those of the Palace of Susa.[6] According to Gene R. Garthwaite, the Susa Palace served as Darius' model for Persepolis.[7] Darius I ordered the construction of the Apadana and the Council Hall (Tripylon or the "Triple Gate"), as well as the main imperial Treasury and its surroundings. These were completed during the reign of his son, Xerxes I. Further construction of the buildings on the terrace continued until the downfall of the Achaemenid Empire.[8] According to the Encyclopædia Britannica, the Greek historian Ctesias mentioned that Darius I's grave was in a cliff face that could be reached with an apparatus of ropes.[9]

Around 519 BC, construction of a broad stairway was begun. The stairway was initially planned to be the main entrance to the terrace 20 metres (66 feet) above the ground. The dual stairway, known as the Persepolitan Stairway, was built symmetrically on the western side of the Great Wall. The 111 steps measured 6.9 metres (23 feet) wide, with treads of 31 centimetres (12 inches) and rises of 10 centimetres (3.9 inches). Originally, the steps were believed to have been constructed to allow for nobles and royalty to ascend by horseback. New theories, however, suggest that the shallow risers allowed visiting dignitaries to maintain a regal appearance while ascending. The top of the stairways led to a small yard in the north-eastern side of the terrace, opposite the Gate of All Nations.

Grey limestone was the main building material used at Persepolis. After natural rock had been leveled and the depressions filled in, the terrace was prepared. Major tunnels for sewage were dug underground through the rock. A large elevated water storage tank was carved at the eastern foot of the mountain. Professor Olmstead suggested the cistern was constructed at the same time that construction of the towers began.

The uneven plan of the terrace, including the foundation, acted like a castle, whose angled walls enabled its defenders to target any section of the external front. Diodorus Siculus writes that Persepolis had three walls with ramparts, which all had towers to provide a protected space for the defense personnel. The first wall was 7 metres (23 feet) tall, the second, 14 metres (46 feet) and the third wall, which covered all four sides, was 27 metres (89 feet) in height, though no presence of the wall exists in modern times.

21/03/2018

For other uses, see Nowruz (disambiguation).
Nowruz
نوروز
Wheatgrass.jpg
Growing wheatgrass is one of the most common traditional preparations for Nowruz.
Also called Albanian: Novruzit[note 1]
Azerbaijani: Novruz, نوروز, Новруз
Bashkir: Науруз, Nawruz
Crimean Tatar: Navrez, Наврез
Dari: نوروز‎, Nauruz
Georgian: ნავრუზი, Navruzi[note 2]
Gujarati: નવરોઝ, Navarōjha
Polish: Nowy Rok
Slovak: Nový Rok
Kazakh: Наурыз, Nawryz, ناۋ‎رىز
Kurdish: نەورۆز‎, Newroz[note 3]
Kyrgyz: Нооруз, Nooruz, نوورۇز
Lezgian: Яран Сувар, Yaran Suvar
Ossetian: Новруз, Novruz[note 4]
Pashto: نوروز‎, Nawruz
Tabassaran: Эбелцан, Ebeltsan
Tajik: Наврӯз, Navro‘z
Tatar: Нәүрүз, Näwrüz, نەوروز
Tati: Nuruz, نوروز
Turkish: Nevruz
Turkmen: Newruz, Невруз, نوروز
Urdu: نوروز‎, Nawrūz
Uyghur: نورۇز‎, Noruz, Норуз
Uzbek: Navruz, Навруз, نەۋرۇز
Observed by
Iran
Afghanistan
Albania[1][2]
Azerbaijan
China (by Tajiks and Turkic peoples)[3]
Georgia[4]
India (by Parsis)[5]
Iraq (by Kurds and Turkmens)[6]
Kazakhstan[7]
Kyrgyzstan[7]
Pakistan (by Pashtuns and Balochs)[8]
Russia (by Tabasarans, Crimean Tatars, etc.)[9]
Syria (by Kurds)[10][11]
Tajikistan[12]
Turkey (by Azerbaijanis, Kurds and Yörüks)[13][14]
Turkmenistan[15]
Uzbekistan

Ethnic groups[show]
Type National, ethnic, international
Significance New Year holiday
Date March 19, 20, or 21
2017 date Monday 20 March 2017
at 10:29 UTC *
2018 date Tuesday 20 March 2018
at 16:15 UTC *
2019 date Wednesday 20 March 2019
at 21:58 UTC *
2020 date Friday 20 March 2020
at 03:50 UTC *
Frequency annual
Norooz, Nawrouz, Newroz, Novruz, Nowrouz, Nowrouz, Nawrouz, Nauryz, Nooruz, Nowruz, Navruz, Nevruz, Nowruz, Navruz
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage
Country Iran, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, India, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan
Reference 1161
Region Asia and the Pacific
Inscription history
Inscription 2016 (4th session)
Nowruz (Persian: نوروز‎ Nowruz, [nouˈɾuːz]; literally "new day" or "day of renewal") is the name of the Iranian New Year,[30][31] also known as the Persian New Year,[32][33] which is celebrated worldwide by Iranians, along with some other ethno-linguistic groups, as the beginning of the New Year.

Although having Iranian and religious Zoroastrian origins, Nowruz has been celebrated by people from diverse ethno-linguistic communities. It has been celebrated for over 3,000 years in Western Asia, Central Asia, the Caucasus, the Black Sea Basin, and the Balkans.[34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] It is a secular holiday for most celebrants that is enjoyed by people of several different faiths, but remains a holy day for Zoroastrians.[43]

Nowruz is the day of the vernal equinox, and marks the beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere. It marks the first day of the first month (Farvardin) in the Iranian calendar.[44] It usually occurs on March 21 or the previous or following day, depending on where it is observed. The moment the sun crosses the celestial equator and equalizes night and day is calculated exactly every year, and families gather together to observe the rituals.

29/08/2017

Yazd Atash Behram
The Yazd Atash Behram, also known as Yazd Atash Kadeh), is a temple in Yazd, Yazd province , Iran. It was built in 1934 and enshrines the Atash Bahram, meaning “Victorious Fire”, dated to 470 AD. It is one of the nine Atash Behrams, the only one of the highest grade fire in Iran where Zoroastrians have practiced their religion since 400 BC; the other eight Atash Behrams are in India.[1][2] According to Aga Rustam Noshiravan Belivani, of Sharifabad, the Anjuman-i Násirí (elected Zoroastrian officials) opened the Yazd Atash Behram in the 1960s to non-Zoroastrian visitors.
The temple is located in Yazd,[3] to the west of Shiraz, in the desert province of Yazda, where Zoroastrians have practiced their religion since about 400 BC.[4] It is located on the Ayatullah Kashani Avenue and is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) away from Yazd Airport.[5]

The highest grade of fire temples were first constructed in the Sasanian Empire for the reverence of fire, which is the manifestation of Ahura Mazda in the Zoroastrian religion.[1] According to the Zoroastrian religion, this type of fire is consecrated by sixteen different sources, including the fire created by a lightning bolt.[6]
According to an inscription plaque fixed on the shrine, the construction of the Yazd Atash Behram temple is dated to 1934. The funds for building it were provided by the Association of the Parsi Zoroastrians of India. Construction was done under the guidance of Jamshid Amanat. The sacred fire of the temple is stated to have been burning since about 470 AD;[2] originally started by the Sassanian Shah when it was in the Pars Karyan fire temple in southern Pars district of Larestan.[6] From there it was transferred to Aqda where it was kept for 700 years. The fire was then moved in 1173 to Nahid-e Pars temple in nearby Ardakan, where it remained for 300 years until it was moved again to the house of a high priest in Yazd, and was finally consecrated in the new temple in 1934.[2][7]

A bust of Manekji Limji Hataria, who was instrumental in raising funds for building the temple, has been installed in the precincts of the temple. The bust also displays the Zoroastrian divine symbols of the Sun and the Moon.[8]

23/08/2017

Dome of Soltaniyeh ....The central magnet of Soltaniyeh's several ruins is the Mausoleum of Il-khan Öljeitü also known as Muhammad Khodabandeh, traditionally known as the Dome of Soltaniyeh in Soltaniyeh city, Zanjan Province.

Olcaytu Xudabəndə türbəsinin kəsiyi-001.jpg
The structure, erected from 1302 to 1312 AD, has the oldest double-shell dome in Iran.[1] This erroneous view of the construction was made by Dieulafoy but is totally disputed by Andre Godard.[2] In Godard's view it is a normal, if spectacularly large dome, with a thin skin on top for the faience and is in no way a double dome. Its importance in the Muslim world may be compared to that of Brunelleschi's cupola for Christian architecture. It is one of the largest brick domes in the world, just at the theoretical engineering limit for a brick dome and the third largest dome in the world after the domes of Florence Cathedral and Hagia Sophia.[1] The Dome of Soltaniyeh paved the way for more daring Iranian-style cupola constructions in the Muslim world, such as the Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasavi and the Taj Mahal. Much of its exterior decoration has been lost, but the interior retains superb mosaics, faience, and murals. People have described the architecture of the building as “anticipating the Taj Mahal.”

10/08/2017

The Nasir-ol-Molk Mosque (Persian: مسجد نصیر الملک‎‎ Masjed-e Nasir-ol-Molk), also known as the Pink Mosque, is a traditional mosque in Shiraz, Iran
The mosque includes extensive colored glass in its facade, and displays other traditional elements such as the Panj Kāse ("five concaved") design. It is named in popular culture as the Pink Mosque,[1] due to the usage of considerable pink color tiles for its interior design.The mosque was built during the Qajar era, and is still in use under protection by Endowment Foundation of Nasir ol Molk. It was built from 1876 to 1888, by the order of Mirzā Hasan Ali (Nasir ol Molk), a Qajar ruler.[3] The designers were Mohammad Hasan-e-Memār, an Iranian architect, and Mohammad Rezā Kāshi-Sāz-e-Širāzi.((((Call me:00989171032680)))

08/05/2017

Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System, (Persian: سازه‌های آبی شوشتر‎‎) is an island city from the Sassanid era with a complex irrigation system. Located in Iran's Khuzestan Province.[2][3] It was registered on UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites in 2009 and is Iran's 10th cultural heritage site to be registered on the United Nations' list.[2][4]

Shushtar infrastructure included water mills, dams, tunnels, and canals. GarGar weir was built on the watermills and waterfalls. Bolayti canal is situated on the eastern side of the water mills and water falls and the functions to supply water from behind the GarGar bridge to the east side of water mills and the channel the water of river in order to prevent the damage to the water mills. Dahaneye shahr tunnel (city or***ce) is one of the three main tunnels which channeled the water from behind the GarGar weir into the water mill and then run several water mills. Seh koreh canal channels the water from behind the GarGar bridge into the western side. In water mills and water falls, there are noticeable mills we can see a perfect model of haltering to run mills.[2][4]

The Band-e Kaisar ("Caesar's dam"), an approximately 500-metre (1,600 ft) long Roman weir across the Karun, was the key structure of the complex which, along with the Band-i-Mizan, retained and diverted river water into the irrigation canals in the area.[5] Built by a Roman workforce in the 3rd century AD on Sassanid order,[6] it was the most eastern Roman bridge and Roman dam[7] and the first structure in Iran to combine a bridge with a dam.[8]

Parts of the irrigation system are said to originally date to the time of Darius the Great, an Achaemenian king of Iran. It partly consists of a pair of primary diversion canals in the Karun river, one of which is still in use today. It delivers water to the Shushtar city via a route of supplying tunnels.[2] The area includes Salasel Castel, which is the axis for operation of the hydraulic system. It also consists of a tower for water level measurement, along with bridges, dams, mills, and basins.[2][4]

Then it enters the plain south from the city, where its impact includes enabling the possibility of farming over the area called Mianâb and planting orchards.[4] In fact the whole area between the two diversion canals (Shutayt and Gargar) on Karun river is called Mianâb, an island having the Shushtar city at its northern end.[9]

08/05/2017

Snow cave in Iran

19/04/2017

اه😂😂