Fire prevention and cause determination

Fire prevention and cause determination enlightening on fire prevention, safety of lives and properties ...health and safety of our community at large

07/01/2020

SMOKE

Smoke is the leading cause of death during fire outbreaks. Smoke inhalation is the primary cause of death of victims of indoor fire and it kills by a combination of thermal damage, poisoning and pulmonary irritation caused by carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide and other combustibles products. But before we move ahead, let’s define smoke in its state.
Smoke can be defined as an airborne particulate product of incomplete combustion that is suspended in gases, v***r or solid or liquid aerosols (or mist), therefore Smoke occurs when there’s incomplete combustion. Its components are classified into three groups namely particles, v***r (aerosol) and gases.
1. Particles (solids) -consist of carbon ,soot dust and fibers
2. Vapors – contains suspended hydrocarbons and water
3. Gases consist of carbon monoxide and a wide variety of other gases
Because smoke will burn when heated sufficiently in the presence of oxygen. Hot smoke during fire outbreaks are extremely flammable and will ultimately dictate the fire pattern (behavior)
Most of today fire outbreaks today are not like the fire outbreaks before the dawn of the new millennium because most of today building materials and building contents are plastic which are made from toxic gases and burn at lower temperature compared to materials in earlier years.
Thus this cause major side effects that can affect the public. Example of these side effects include.
1. Cough
2. Shortness of breath
3. Hoarseness or noisy breathing
4. Eye damage
5. Confusion
6. Headache
7. Chest pain
8. Decrease the response
9. Soot in the nose or throat
The damage can be severe and recovery from smoke inhalation is different for everyone and depend on the severity of the injuries and also depends on the health of your lungs prior to injury. Therefore the best way of preventing smoke inhalation are as follows.
1. Install smoke detectors in every living space in a building and every level of your home
2. Install carbon monoxide detector outside steep area of every level of your home
3. Regular test of both smoke & carbon monoxide detectors monthly or quarterly
4. Have an escape plan in case of fire and practice it with your family and other resident in your building
5. Always have the fire department emergency number and the fire notice will legible on your building.
Keep safe, stay safety conscious.

ARSON.Arson is a major cause of fire in most developed Mega cities, and safety managers must understand the scale of thi...
16/12/2019

ARSON.
Arson is a major cause of fire in most developed Mega cities, and safety managers must understand the scale of this threat and measures needed to minimize risk.
Arson can be defined as “the malicious burning of the one’s own or another property with criminal intent” while an Arsonist is a person who deliberately set a fire to destroy properties with criminal intent. An arsonist usually have motives for carrying out this disastrous act which includes the following
• Financial gain
• To be seen as a hero ( person who sights the fire and tackles it )
• Covering up a crime
• Revenge
• Vandalism
• Terrorism and extremism
Arson can also be committed by those suffering from mental illness, drugs and alcohol. These are different types or groups of arsonist but will mention just two
• Pyromaniacs
• Juvenile fire setters
Pyromaniacs are pathological fire setters. Usually most are adult males and often loners .they have difficulty relating with people and usually introverted, polite but timid.
Juvenile fire-setters are young children that want to experiment and usually have pyromaniac characteristics
Arsonist have access to premises that usually have lapses
• Usually empty
• Buildings in the inner city area
• Poor state of repair
Most times arsonist have a targeted building and enterprise, some of the business at are
• Shopping malls
• Tax or property valuation offices
• Markets ( textiles, Meat / Dairy trade ,Wood/Plank markets)etc
• Agricultural and botanical farms
Arson can be avoided if proper safety measures are put in place. A good counter measure is an automatic sprinkler system but the best solution is to make it difficult for any arsonist to get access by putting in place measures to hinder and deter any arsonist. Example of such are
• Safe storage of flammable liquids / gases
• Safe storage and disposal of wastage
• Competent staff and visitor security
• Physical security on the premises e.g
1. Security lighting on the building and perimeter
2. CCTV system
3. Intruder detection system
4. Patrols by security staff

These security measures are usually best introduced when these buildings are being designed
In conclusion, arsonists are all driven by motive and can be categorized as follows
• Insurance agents who want to sell insurance to victims and neighbors
• Contractors who want to secure a new contract for rebuilding the destroyed burned building
• Owners of adjoin properties who would like to buy the properties and expand their own buildings
• Competitors who want to drive victims out of business
Therefore always keep your surrounding and properties safe and secured by ensuring these guidelines are put in place.
Keep safe, stay safety conscious

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