04/03/2025
is the most severe form of heat illness when the body overheats and cannot cool down. The body cannot take off the excessive heat by sweating because of dehydration and/or humid environment.
CAUSES/RISK FACTORS
• Hot and humid weather
• Vigorous exercise in hot weather
• Dehydration
• Too much direct exposure to the sun
• Infants, the elderly, athletes, and individuals who work outside
SIGNS
May start with the following signs of heat exhaustion:
• Warm, flushed skin
• Faintness
• Dizziness
• Weakness
• Headache
• Very high fever of 41°C
• Rapid heartbeat
• Convulsion
• Unconsciousness
TREATMENT
• Emergency measures:
Move the person to a shady spot or indoors and have him/her lie down with legs elevated. If able to drink liquids, have him/her sip cool water in a SITTING position. Remove clothing, apply cool water to the skin, and fan the person. Apply ice packs to the armpits, wrists, ankles, and groin.
• HEAT STROKE IS A MEDICAL EMERGENCY! BRING THE PATIENT IMMEDIATELY TO THE HOSPITAL AFTER INSTITUTING EMERGENCY MEASURES.
PREVENTION
During very hot and humid weather:
• Limit the amount of time you spend outdoors.
• Drink plenty of water.
• Avoid tea, coffee, soda, and alcohol. Wear a wide-brimmed hat & long- sleeved clothing when outdoors. Schedule heavy-duty activities for the beginning or end of the day, when it’s cooler.
