18/09/2019
NJIA KUU 4 ZA KUONGEA KIINGEREZA KWA UPOLE (K**A MZAWA WA KIINGEREZA)
HOW TO BE POLITE IN ENGLISH
Lugha na Utamaduni ni vitu ambavyo huwezi kuvitenganisha. Huenda pamoja siku zote. Lugha ya Kiingereza imebeba utamaduni wa Waingereza ambao ni wazawa wa lugha hii. Moja ya utamaduni wa Wazungu ni ‘matumizi ya lugha ya upole’, zile excuse me, sorry, would you mind…, ni kawaida kwao. Ndio utamaduni wao. Katika kipindi cha leo tutagusia njia 4 zitakazokuwezesha kuongea kwa upole katika lugha ya Kiingereza.
[JIUNGE NA KOZI YETU YA MTANDAONI (ONLINE ENGLISH COURSE) KWA MATOKEO BORA]
Four ways to be polite in English
Njia 4 za kuongea Kiingereza kwa upole
Way 1: Try to use modal verbs. Modals are those words like: would, could, might, may. (Kindly refer to the past lesson on ‘modal verbs’)
Njia 1: Tumia modal verbs. Modal verbs ni maneno k**a would, could, might, may, n.k (Tafadhali rejea kwenye notsi zako/pitia post ya modal verbs)
It seems so simple, but using a modal can change a direct, aggressive question into a polite request. They soften your requests, questions, and commands, which mean you won’t sound rude or too direct.
Examples:
• Order me a coffee, please. → would you get me a coffee, please?
• Please leave. I have to take this phone call. → could you step out of the room for a moment? I have to take this phone call.
• Send me those documents before the end of the day. → could you send me those documents by the end of the day?
• I need to borrow your pen for a moment. → May I borrow your pen for a moment?
Yes, it’s that easy. Use modals the next time you send a request to your teacher (Mtaalamu wa Kiingereza), ask for something on the telephone, or when you need something from a friend and you’ll sound more polite!
Way 2: Change your grammar. Sometimes we change our grammar tense to be more polite. In English, the Present Simple Tense can sound direct. To make yourself sound polite, be sure to Change the present tense to the past tense or a progressive (-ing) tense. Your meaning is still in the present, but you change the verb to add softness, to be less direct.
Njia 2: Badili sarufi yako. Muda mwingine inakupasa kubadili muundo wa tense ili lugha yako iweze kuwa ya upole. Present simple tense huonekana k**a lugha ya moja kwa moja na yenye kukera, hivyo unashauriwa kubadili present tense kwenda kwenye past tense au kwenye progressive tense (-ing). Maana yako hubaki vilevile.
TIP: We do this with verbs such as hope, feel, think, want, wonder. For example:
• Do you have time to meet tomorrow to discuss this?
o → I wondered if you had time to meet tomorrow.
o → I was wondering if you had time to meet tomorrow.
o → I’m wondering if you have time to meet tomorrow.
• What is your name? →What did you say your name was?
• I’d like to finish this meeting by 4:00 p.m. → I was hoping to finish this meeting by 4:00 p.m.
• Can I ask a question about the agenda? –> I wanted to ask a question about the agenda.
• I think you need help with the deadline. → I thought you might like some help with the deadline.
Way 3: You are advised to use Vague Language. Vague language means not too specific or too direct. We often use expressions such as: a bit, around, kind of, -ish, a few, quite, slightly, a little, etc. We use these expressions – or qualifiers – to provide less direct information, for example with times or quantities.
Way 3: Unashauriwa kutotumia lugha maalumu sana (specific), tumia baadhi ya vionjo vinavyopatikana katika lugha isiyo rasmi (informal). Maneno k**a a bit, around, kind of, a few, quite, slightly, a little, n.k hutumika kupunguza ukali wa maneno.
Examples:
• I’d like you to spend around 4 hours to get this project completed. If you can’t complete it by then, let’s talk so we can make necessary changes.
• Why don’t you come to my office at 2:00-ish ( = around 2:00) for a quick meeting.
• That’s not quite what I had in mind. What if we made a few changes?
• That estimate is a bit high, don’t you think?
Way 4: Use Negative Questions. For formal conversations, or when you want to be diplomatic, use negative questions to give your advice, make a recommendation, provide a suggestion, express your opinion, or ask a question. Using negative questions softens the language and changes strong language into indirect language.
Njia 4: Tumia maswali ya ukanushi. Matumizi ya maswali ya ukanushi huifanya lugha yako kuonekana laini na isiyokuwa ya shuruti. Tumia maswali ya ukanushi pale unapotaka kutoa ushauri, pendekezo, kutoa maoni yako, na hata kuuliza swali.
Here are a few examples:
• We need to review these documents one more time. →Don’t you think that we should review these figures one last time?
• Yes, we’ve met before. I met you at the conference last year. → Haven’t we met before? I think it was at the conference last year.
• You must consider how the client might respond. → Shouldn’t we consider how the client might respond?
That's what I wanted to share with you in this lesson.
Thanks for reading!
KUMBUKA KUSHARE KWA NDUGU, JAMAA, NA MARAFIKI.
KWA POST ZIJAZO, TAFADHALI 'LIKE' UKURASA HUU K**A BADO HUJAFANYA IVYO.
(KWA MAELEZO KUHUSU KOZI ZETU ZA KIINGEREZA, TUTUMIE UJUMBE KWENYE WHATSAPP NAMBA 0779176710)
