11/22/2023
When the dry leaves of American beech (Fagus grandifolia) cling to their branches in winter and rattle in the wind, the leaves are demonstrating marcescence (mar-SESS-ence). That is, though dead and withered, they persist on the stalk, or petiole.
Marcescence is common in oaks as well as beeches, especially in young trees. It is not the norm in most of New England's deciduous species, which shed, or abscise their leaves in fall. In autumn, the vessels in the tree that carry sap to the leaves slowly close, until the abscission layer of cells shuts off the vessel, and the tree abscises the petiole. The attached leaf or the fruit then falls off.
Not so for marcescent leaves, which hang on well into spring. And scientists don't know why. Whatever the reason, the sound of marcescent leaves is a gentle companion to those who walk in the winter woods, and a reminder that when we can't explain a thing, we can still appreciate it.
Photo: American beech (Fagus grandifolia) with marcescent leaves, Β© Uli Lorimer