06/30/2026
We get asked all the time: Is a pension taxable? Is SS taxable? If so, how does a Federal pension get taxed in retirement and how does it affect Social security and how it is taxed? Great questions.
Answer is yes- pension is taxed by federal govt (states too, most of them). Answer to SS taxation is also, sadly, yes.
The last question is more complex so allow us to use an example:
If you are retired and have about $20,000 in pension income and $48,000 in Social Security, and your provisional income sits right at the $44,000 threshold, most of your Social Security probably isn’t taxable and your federal tax bill is close to zero.
But if you want to pull money from TSP to go on a trip, or some other expense comes up, and you pull $40,000 from your TSP or IRA in a single year. You’re still in the 12% bracket, so you expect the tax on that withdrawal to be around $3,700.
Simple math right? WRONG!
When your tax return arrives, you find out you should have paid $7,743 — more than double what the simple math said!
Here’s why:
That single $40,000 withdrawal pushed your provisional income to $84,000.
Once you crossed that line, up to 85% of your Social Security suddenly became taxable.
Thirty-four thousand dollars of benefits that were never taxed before are now counted as taxable income!
The $40,000 you took out didn’t just create $40,000 of new taxable income- it made your Social Security more taxable and therefore effectively created $74,000 of taxable income.
The difficult part is that this tax increase doesn’t show up when the money leaves your IRA. It appears months later on your Form 1040, after the money is already spent.
The old saying is "when you pick up a stick, you pick up both ends". If you're considering pulling funds from TSP, give us a call so we can try to make sure you don't get stung by the other end of that stick!