11/02/2021
Guess what great Hanoverian served as Virginia's first elected governor?
On Tuesday, November 2, Virginia voters will elect our 74th governor, carrying on a democratic tradition that began in 1776, when our first state constitution created the office of governor. Patrick Henry played a pivotal role in seizing Virginia’s independence and creating our state government. Having represented Hanover County in the General Assembly for ten years and been a leading voice for independence, Henry served as a delegate to the Virginia Convention in 1776 and on the committee that wrote both the original state constitution and the Virginia Declaration of Rights. When the convention voted to adopt this proposed constitution, they also promptly elected Henry to serve as Virginia’s first governor. He led the new state from 1776 to 1779, during the tumultuous and uncertain early years of the American Revolution.
Prior, Patrick Henry’s successful career as a lawyer in Hanover County led to his election to the House of Burgesses in 1765, where he immediately promoted Virginia’s independence from Britain with a passionate speech against the Stamp Act called his “Seven Resolves.” His radical words against Parliament and King George III spread through the colonies in print and began to earn Henry a national reputation, which skyrocketed in 1775 when he led the Culpepper Minutemen against Virginia’s royal governor, Lord Dunmore, during the Gunpowder Incident. Thanks to this fame and his patriotic call for “liberty or death” at St. John’s Church that same year, Patrick Henry stood out to the Virginia Convention as a prime candidate for governor. Under the 1776 constitution Virginia’s legislature, not the people, elected the governor annually for up to three years at a time, at which point incumbents had to wait four years before seeking reelection. Henry went on to hold the office for a record five times, from 1776–79 and again from 1784–85, but the rules for gubernatorial elections have changed significantly since his tenure.
In 1830, the General Assembly adopted a new state constitution that changed the renewable one-year term length to a non-renewable three-year term. The 1830 constitution also prevented governors from succeeding themselves, setting a rule that has remained in place to the present day and makes Virginia the only state in which governors cannot run for reelection. The General Assembly continued to elect Virginia’s governor until 1851, when our third state constitution made the gubernatorial election a popular vote (for only white men at the time), increased the term from three years to four, and created the office of Lieutenant Governor.
Get out and vote and like Patrick Henry, make sure your voice is heard!
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Article contributed by Kyle Rogers, Scotchtown Interpreter