04/12/2016
The Tennessee Economic Council on Women recognizes Equal Pay Day, Tuesday, April 12, 2016, as part of its mission is to promote the economic stability of Tennessee women and families. Equal Pay Day is observed annually to symbolize, in general, the extra amount of time into the following year that women at the statistical median point must work to earn the same income that men at the median earned in the previous year. This is a helpful symbol of how men and women often encounter a different workforce, but remember, there’s more to this story. Here are some more specific drivers of wage disparity that the TECW has reported:
- Although the wage gap has narrowed in Tennessee and nationwide, US Census data reveals that among full-time, year-round workers, women tend to earn less than men in many of the same industries and occupations.
- Occupational distributions of female and male full time workers differ considerably. In particular, women are more likely to work in care-based and hospitality fields, which are less lucrative, and often have lower paying positions or specializations than men in the same fields.
- Labor data indicates that women are more likely to work multiple part-time jobs, and considerably more likely to work for minimum wage or less. (Notably, many of these women won’t be considered in the wage gap calculation because they don’t work full-time.)
- Women are more likely to take time away from work or prioritize flexibility in order to provide services as a parent or caregiver.
- Research on wage discrimination generally indicates that overt discrimination is in decline, but a process called implicit bias, where people or policies unintentionally disadvantage workers for reasons unrelated to skill or merit, continues to influence decision-making throughout the workforce. Through this process, stereotypes that associate women with less lucrative work, parenting, and caregiving appear to separate women from economic and civic resources.
All of these (and other) factors contribute to statistics showing that women tend, generally, to earn less than men. Better understanding and learning to talk about these items is critical to success. Learn more about the workforce at www.tennesseewomen.org/research.htm.