09/02/2026
Micro-, Macro-, and a Quick Look at What We Need
If you’re read much about nutrients, you’ve seen comments about macronutrients and micronutrients. These words sound fancy a
nd scientific, but they’re very simple. “Micro” means small and “macro” means large. Micronutrients are things you need in small quantities, like vitamins and minerals, while macronutrients are things you need in large quantities to provide energy and keep your body working as it should. Macronutrients include protein, carbohydrates, and fats.
Micronutrients include Vitamin A, the eight B vitamins, and Vitamins C, D, E, and K as well as thirteen different minerals (calcium, chromium, copper, fluoride, iodine, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, selenium, sodium, and zinc).
We’ll eventually talk about all the micro- and macro- nutrients but for today let’s focus on Vitamin A. It’s a fat soluble vitamin and is stored in the liver. We don’t need a large amount of Vitamin A plus we can store the extra we take in, so it’s possible to get too much Vitamin A.
Toxicity from excessive intake is real and not something we want to experience. Massive overdoses of this vitamin can severe headaches, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, drowsiness and irritability. Long term overuse can damage your liver, cause damage to bones, including osteoporosis, and can cause hair and skin chances. When a pregnant woman takes too much Vitamin A, it can cause birth defects.
There are two forms of Vitamin A. Preformed Vitamin A is found in animal products including meat, fish, poultry, and dairy products. The precursors to Vitamin A, know as “provitamins” are things our body uses to make Vitamin A. Beta carotene is the most common precursor and is found in fruits and vegetables.
Vitamin A is best known for its role in helping with eyesight but it helps with skin and hair health as well. It’s readily available in orange and yellow vegetables and fruits, broccoli, and green leafy vegetables, eggs, and cheese. Unless your doctor tells you to take a Vitamin A supplement, you should be able to get enough by eating a healthy and balanced diet.