06/25/2026
Fireflies, glow worms, lightning bugs! Whatever you call them, now is the time to see them. Fun fact: Fireflies are neither flies nor true bugs. They are beetles. We have records for nearly 20 species of fireflies in MD, including the winter firefly (who takes the summer off). From the Snappy Single Sync to the Dot-Dash to the Murky Flash-Train, they can be distinguished by their flight time and pattern. One of our most common types is the Eastern Firefly.
Fireflies spend most of their lives as larvae, up to two years, which they spend eating snails, slugs and small insects, including mosquitoes. They will pupate for a few weeks then emerge as adults. Their adult period, which lasts 3 to 4 weeks, is all about mating and laying eggs- getting down to business to create the next generation. For the sole purpose of attracting a mate, fireflies deploy their lights!
Males will flash their lanterns while moving about, looking for females, who remain still. A female will signal her interest by twisting her lantern toward the male and synchronizing her flashes, with a slight delay. Some males not only woo their ladies with their fancy dance moves, but also bring nuptial gifts, in the form of spermatophores, which the females can use as nutrients for their eggs. Sometimes, a girl likes a guy to put in a little effort. Just sayin'...
To support all our firefly species, it's easy to provide them with habitat. Let your grass grow a little longer before you cut it, or even set aside a portion to remain unmown. Go easy on the pesticides; let our natural predators take care of the pests! Leave some logs and leaf litter as shelter for the younger generations. Provide a water feature. Something as simple as a bird bath can benefit everybody - birds, bees, butterflies, etc. will appreciate that. Turn off your outside lights at night; they can interfere with firefly communication.
More info on Fireflies here:
https://news.maryland.gov/dnr/2022/10/25/habitat-tip-glow-in-the-dark-backyards/
https://news.maryland.gov/dnr/2026/04/10/how-light-pollution-harms-maryland-wildlife/
2026 information and events:
Firefly Festival at Historic London Town & Gardens 6/18
https://www.acaac.org/event/firefly-festival/2026-06-18/
Susquehannock Wildlife Society - Harford County 6/26
https://allevents.in/darlington/nocturnal-wildlife-and-firefly-hike/200030199402140
In a Flash: How You Can Help Fireflies:
marylandgrows.umd.edu/tag/lightning-bugs/
Enjoy one of nature's little fireworks!